Men's health blood tests after 40: what is worth checking
Short answer: for most men over 40, the most useful blood tests are cholesterol, HbA1c, kidney and liver function and a full blood count. PSA is a personal choice after weighing the pros and cons, and testosterone is worth testing when you have symptoms. Add a blood pressure check, and take up your NHS Health Check when you are invited.
The core checks
Cholesterol: see the cholesterol profile.
Blood sugar: see HbA1c.
Kidney and liver function: both can be abnormal without symptoms.
Full blood count: checks for anaemia and other blood changes.
These come together in the Well Man check and the Advanced Well Man check.
PSA: an informed choice
A PSA test can be raised without cancer and normal with it. Men aged 50 and over can ask for one after talking through the pros and cons, and men at higher risk can ask earlier.
Testosterone: test when you have symptoms
Consider a test if you have low sex drive, erection problems, fewer morning erections, low energy or low mood. Testosterone should be measured in the morning, and a low result is usually repeated before any decision. See the male hormone panel.
Erection problems can be an early warning
Erection problems can be an early sign of heart disease or diabetes, because they affect the same blood vessels. That alone is a good reason to check cholesterol and blood sugar.
Movember is also about mental health
If you are struggling, talk to someone. Your GP can help, and Samaritans are available free, day and night, on 116 123.
Frequently asked questions
How often should men over 40 have blood tests?
A baseline, then every one to three years depending on your results and risk, is a sensible pattern.
Do I need to fast?
Fasting gives the clearest glucose and triglyceride results. Check the preparation notes on the test page.
What is the NHS Health Check?
In England, adults aged 40 to 74 without certain existing conditions are invited every five years for checks including blood pressure and cholesterol.
Sources
NHS Health Check (NHS England)
British Society for Sexual Medicine guidelines on adult testosterone deficiency
NHS: PSA testing and the Prostate Cancer Risk Management Programme
Related reading
Clinically reviewed by Zak Toon, ACP, on 15 October 2026.
This article is general information based on UK guidance. It is not personal medical advice. If you are worried about your health or have symptoms, speak to your GP or call 111.
